Tredyffrin Easttown Historical Society
History Quarterly Digital Archives

Source: October 1985 Volume 23 Number 4, Pages 146–158

Sources for Genealogical Research and Study

Robert L. Ward

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The study of genealogy is defined in The Random House Dictionary as a record or account of the ancestry or descent of a person, family or group. It is also defined as the study of family ancestries and histories. It is an ancient and honorable study, and one which has been in existence from the earliest days of civilized man, in all cultures around the world.

Among tribal peoples, much respect was given to those who could recite from memory complicated lineages. This important role was frequently combined with that of historian, and sometimes even shaman or priest. It was of the utmost importance, to build and maintain a sense and tradition of tribal unity and cohesion.

There is also genealogy in the Bible, in the "begat" passages in both the Old and the New Testament.

Today, these roles have been separated, and each carries a somewhat different function. History and religion are still emphasized in our modern society, but genealogy is now seen more as a hobby or a vocational pastime. Yet it still performs its important function - to illuminate the past, to involve people in the history of their ancestors as an extension of their own past, and to bind citizens to the past of their locality, nation, and ethnic group, thereby creating a background or sense of the past that is useful for the present and the future.

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Each time we have passed a significant anniversary in the history of our country, it has brought about a revival of interest in the study of our history. At the same time there has also been a revival of interest in other forms of Americana, such as the arts, architecture - and genealogy. The bicentennial anniversary of the American Revolution, closely followed by the tricentennial observance of the founding of Pennsylvania, has stimulated a host of new historians and genealogists.

In our geographic area, genealogists and historians are blessed with a great number of source documents from which to study. Many of the old records have survived. Carefully (and sometimes not so carefully!) kept government and church records, family records, Bible records, business counts (many corporations today are preserving their company records), and the work of several generations of previous scholars over the past one hundred years have all contributed to a wealth of material to draw from. Excellent libraries and archives now provide easy access to what heretofore were, in many cases, unavailable or only capriciously available source materials. The Chester County Historical Society, Chester County Archives, Friends' Historical Library at Swarthmore, the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, the Genealogical Society of Pennsylvania, the Library Company of Philadelphia, and smaller libraries such as the Presbyterian Historical Society, are only a few of the many depositories holding documents which may be consulted in the course of a genealogical or historical project.

People like Gilbert Cope, Dorothy Lapp (who for many years was the librarian of the Chester County Historical Society and who literally saved a number of the records of the county row offices from destruction) and others have worked untold hours transcribing,, collating, compiling, and indexing many long series of documents, to make them easier to use by the average person. The objective of all this work is not only to make the information easier to work with, but by so doing to increase the general familiarity with past events and the history of our region and nation.

Genealogy should not be concerned with just the "bare bones" of our ancestors - who they were, where they were born, married, died, and how many children they had. In the study of genealogy, a knowledge of history is also essential. If we are to see past events and the history of a place or people through our forbearers' place in history, then we must develop an adequate understanding of the time in which these ancestors lived. The genealogist needs a background into which to place his family and its individual members, a familiarity with the environment and the people who surrounded them - in other words, the context in which they lived their lives.

I must note that historians tend to have some distrust of the profession of genealogy. Traditional genealogical methods are not necessarily compatible with the historian's approach. I think that what offends the professional historian is the amateur nature of many of the genealogists, and that many genealogies are just lists of names and dates - just the bare bones - and about as little as you can say without saying nothing at all about the people.

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An historian would like to find out who these people were and where they lived, what they did for a living, who their assocaites were, how the area where they lived developed, what part they had in this development, what professional and business relations they had with other people around them - all things the genealogist finds difficult to find! They are things that are not readily apparent, and it takes some digging, and a knowledge of how and where to look.

As we may remember from our study of American history, this nation has been formed and re-formed by succeeding waves of immigrants, coming to our shores from all parts of the world. Former president John F. Kennedy called the United States "a nation of immigrants". It is one of the significant and important facts in the history of our country.

In our area, we have also felt the impact of these waves of immigrants. The first to come here to the Delaware Valley, of course, were the Indians, who came here from the west. Then came the Swedes, Finns, and the Dutch, who settled along the Delaware River. The English, Welsh, Scotch-Irish, Scots, Germans and Swiss followed in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, creating a. rich and diverse mixture.

Descendants of these original settlers have branched out throughout the country, and were part of the great westward migration which has filled America with people. Many from this area went west. I remember when I was living in Indiana a friend of a friend was named John Hayhurst. His father's name was Cuthbert Hayhurst, and 1 was struck by the name, for not only is it an unusual name, but it also happens to be the name of one of the passengers who came from England to Pennsylvania with William Penn on the ship Welcome in 1682! And when the grandmother of another friend, a Mrs. Decker in Vincennes, heard where I was from, she told me of her ancestor Alexander Mood, who lived in Newlin or New London, and whose children had gone out to Indiana after the Revolution.

Abraham Lincoln's grandfather lived for a while in Springfield, Delaware County, and later up in the Honey Brook-Nantmeal area, while his wife's ancestors were from Lower Providence in Montgomery County - but the two families didn't cross paths for two generations, after they had migrated to Kentucky. This kind of coincidence was repeated all over the midwest and the west, with the families of early settlers of this country meeting one another and marriages taking place as they moved west.

This has stimulated an interest in "family trees" which has brought the descendants of these families back to this area to search for the original home and homesteads of their ancestors.

As I've already noted, we're lucky, in this area, that we have so many genealogical sources, so many good libraries and historical societies, and that so much work has been done in the history of Pennsylvania. I would like to discuss now some of the sources for work in the history and genealogy in our geographic area.

First, I should mention the 1883 Breou maps of Tredyffrin and Easttown. These are the first maps of our townships that show the property lines, and even the location of the farmsteads - the houses and barns - on the property. They are a very valuable source.

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(They were also somewhat late in their preparation, as Delaware County had its first similar maps in 1848!) There is also an 1873 Witmer Atlas, which shows the owners of the farmsteads, but not the property lines, and is on a smaller scale. Incidentally, in the ten years between the two sets of maps there was considerable movement and change in the ownership of properties.

A good place to start is with a good basic history of Pennsylvania. One of the better ones which has come out recently is A History of Pennsylvania by Philip S. Klein and Ari A. Hoogenboom, two professors at Penn State University. It is a very good and quite comprehensive look at the basic developments in Pennsylvania's history. In addition, the Pennsylvania Museum and Historical Commission has published a series of books which go into greater depth on various periods of Pennsylvania history, beginning with the colonial period and extending up to the 1870's. Another good book published in the last few years on the colonial years in Pennsylvania is Pennsylvania: The Colonial Years. 1681-1765. by Joseph J. Kelly Jr. It is a very good book. (Mr. Kelly has also written a number of other books, including Life and Times in Colonial Philadelphia. ) There is also another good book on the history of colonial Pennsylvania; it is by Joseph Illick and called Colonial Pennsylvania; A History. It was part of a series that came out at the time of the Bicentennial on the colonial history of each of the thirteen colonies, and is considered one of the best.

A book that was originally published in the early 1950's, but is still considered a "standard" work, is one written by Stevenson W. Fletcher. It is in two volumes: the first deals with Pennsylvania Agriculture and Country Life, 1640-1840, and the second covers the period from 1840 to 1940. It discusses the lifestyles and the kinds of activities that the farmers engaged in and the developments in agriculture and country life over the three hundred years. Except for a few places - such as Philadelphia, Chester, or Lancaster - colonial Pennsylvania was rural, and sometimes even wild. So for our area, and particularly Tredyffrin and the Great Valley, this is a good place to start. The Best Poor Man's Country, by James T. Lemon, complements Fletcher for this particular area, (it was the winner of the prestigious Albert Beveridge Award of the American Historical Association.) Its subtitle is "A Demographical Study of Southeastern Pennsylvania". It is not really a history, but is a demographic study, a study of the people as a whole, the characteristics of the people, how they settled the area, the size of their farms, and the products they raised.

To find additional information on various aspects of Pennsylvania's history, the Pennsylvania Historical Bibliography, published by the Museum and Historical Commission, lists books and periodicals on Pennsylvania history, including works on genealogy. It has been updated with later editions which bring it up to 1976.

The reference library of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania also has published a guide to its manuscript collections. It is about twenty or thirty years old now, and probably should be updated, but it lists the kinds of materials that are available there and which you can consult in its library.

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A compilation of Historical Manuscript Depositories in Pennsylvania, another book published by the Pennsylvania Museum and Historical Commission, lists places in the state - libraries and historical societies - in which manuscript material that may be helpful can be found, and the hours during which they are open. Unfortunately, it too is about twenty years out of date, though.

One of the most valuable sources for Pennsylvania genealogy is the published archives of Pennsylvania. During the course of the nineteenth century many of the states had programs in which they compiled their records into books and published them. For Pennsylvania there is a series of books which, I think, numbers at least 100 volumes. It includes things like tax lists, lists of militia during the Revolution, a list of warrants for land in Pennsylvania, papers of the governors, proceedings of the Assembly, and various other kinds of documents. In the 1960's the workers at the State Archives went through these books, and compiled a complete index for them.

Pennsylvania: A Student's Guide to Localized History by Sylvester K. Stevens, is a guide containing an outline of the history of the state, with sections showing who has records of what and who, in general, has the best records or the most records for a particular segment of the history of the state. I should also mention A Research Guide to Pennrsylvania Genealogy and Local History, published by a group called the Southwest Pennsylvania Genealogical- Service, located in Laughlintown, near Pittsburgh. While it is basically about western Pennsylvania, it has things like outline maps showing the development of the counties of Pennsylvania, a list of the villages and towns in Pennsylvania, the microfilm reels on which Census data for particular counties can be found, a list of newspapers published in the state and the dates of their publication, and also advertisements for various genealogical services and genealogists, mainly in the western part of the state.

Two other books - a Guide to Manuscript Groups in the Pennsylvania Archives, and a Guide to Record Groups in the Pennsylvania Archives - are also very important books if you go to Harrisburg to work in the Archives. Record Groups refers to state records, while Manuscript Groups refers to records of private individuals that have been given to the state. (In general, though, the first thing they will tell you at the State Archives is that the archives do not deal with genealogy per se! They will send you to the State Library, which has a large genealogical section.) But the State Archives does have a lot of older records, particularly land records, that are of value to the genealogist. The Bureau of Land Records, which was established in 1682 by William Penn as the Board of Property, has now become the Bureau of Land Records in the Department of Internal Affairs, and its records are in the State Archives.

The State Library has published a pamphlet, available to researchers, called "Genealogical Research in the State Library of Pennsylvania". It tells you what's there and how to use it, how to make the best use of the records they have.

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The Genealogical Society of Pennsylvania has also published a guide to its collections; it is located in the same building as the Historical Society of Pennsylvania at 1300 Locust street in Philadelphia, but maintains a separate library.

Local histories are also something that should not be overlooked. They are neglected too often by genealogists, in my opinion. In them you will very often find the names of people who settled in a certain area, and what they did.

There have been several outstanding local histories for our area. One of the best is about Radnor, A Rare and Pleasing Thing, written by Katherine Hewitt Cumin. She took the records of the first federal tax levied on property, the so-called "glass tax" of 1798, identified each land owner as of that date, plotted his holdings, and then traced the history of each property back to 1682 and forward to the present. It is an excellent book. (A number of people who owned land in Radnor, incidentally, also owned property in Tredyffrin or were connected by marriage to families here. David Wilson, for example, at one time owned a piece of property in Radnor before inheriting the property on Swedesford Road from his father; and the Siters, who owned the Spread Eagle Tavern, also owned quite a bit of property in Tredyffrin around the Lamb Tavern.

For the most part, these glass tax records still exist, and provide important detailed information for this part of Pennsylvania. Unfortunately, the assessment rolls for Easttown no longer exist for some reason. (Some of the records of the government were lost when they were taken from Washington very quickly when the British captured the capital in 1814, and others were burned with the buildings.) The records for Tredyffrin, however, are still in existence. They are combined with those of East Whiteland, as the two townships had the same assessor. He was William Davis, who owned DuPortail's quarters.

Another recent publication is A History of West Whiteland Township, by Martha Wolfe and Diane Snyder. In fact, quite a few histories of various townships in Chester County have recently been published, stimulated by the Tricentennials. But this is one of the better ones.

Arthur Bining's book on eighteenth century iron workers in Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Iron Manufacture in the Eighteenth Century, refers to neighboring iron works and some of the people employed in them. For someone who can trace his ancestors to the vicinity of our old iron furnaces, something like this should also be consulted, because his ancestors maybe discussed in it. And at least he can find out something about the area in which his ancestors lived and the type of work being done there.

A Chester County Bibliography came out several years ago, compiled and published by Robert E. Carlson, a professor at West Chester University. It lists many of the books and articles, including articles from our own Quarterly, published about Chester County. It is arranged by topic, including sections for each township, and is another good source.

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Chester County is one of the counties in Pennsylvania that has established an archives to house the older records of the county. (The pioneer was probably Philadelphia County, which has an archives that is at least thirty or forty years old. It has also published a guide book to the records that are available. The office is in the City Hall Annex, on the sixth floor, and the people there are most helpful.) While in most cases, including Philadelphia, Delaware, Montgomery, and Lancaster counties, only microfilm copies of the records are available, in Chester County you still may use the original records. The Historical Society has microfilms only of records up to about 1810, and for the rest of the records you use the original documents.

One set of records that may be particularly helpful to the local historian, and somewhat helpful to the genealogist, is the road papers. When people wanted to have a road go from one place to another, they would petition the County Court of Quarter Sessions, which met four times a year. The justices acted on the petition by appointing a jury to view the proposed road and, if approved, to lay out its route, after which they would report back to the Court. Their report was then entered into the court records. It showed the names of those persons living along the route of the road or whose property was traversed by the road, information that can be very useful to the genealogist.

One of the best places for a beginner to start his genealogical study is a book called Searching for Your Ancestors, by Gilbert H. Doane and James C. Belt. It has been reprinted many times; a fifth edition was published in 1980. Another good book for beginners is How to Trace Your Family Tree, published by the American Genealogical Resource Institute, in Washington. It has information about various records and procedures - "how to" and "where to" - with just about everything you need to know about where and how to begin. I should also mention a recent book that came out just last year, A Guide Book of American Genealogy, edited by Arlene Eakle and Johni Gurny, and published by the Mormons in Salt Lake City. It's an incredible work! It has a wealth of information on various kinds of records in various places, and even goes into the European records that are available. The Mormons maintain a branch library in Broomall, and have microfilms of many of the records dealing with this area.

Professional genealogists have established a traditional way to organize what you find. You may, for example, find several people in your ancestry who have the same name - the same first name and the same last name. To differentiate between them, there are forms you can use to show the name of an individual, date of birth, name of spouse, the place they were married, the date, name of parents, name of children, and so on, with a section to record what else you found out about the individual.

You should start out, of course, with what you and your relatives know about your family - family traditions, whatever records there are, the old Family Bible. But you should also remember that sometimes these remembrances are not always accurate, particularly on dates and other details!

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So you should also look for what other records you can find to support the recollections - birth records; marriage records; divorce records; Census reports; various court records, including those of the Court of Quarter Sessions for road records and information on election districts; the records of the Orphans' Court, and records of the Criminal Court; land and tax records; church records; military records, both colonial and later ones; institutional records; and business and corporate records.

Old newspapers can also be an important source of information.

Church records are particularly valuable in tracing marriages. Since most marriages are performed by ministers, they are recorded in the office of the church or in the minister's own records. A number of church records have been published in various genealogical magazines. The records of the Quakers have been very well kept, and are quite complete.

One of the best places to find records of deaths, of course, is in cemeteries. Around here there are quite a few old cemeteries, dating back into the early eighteenth century - not only those affiliated with our early churches, but also family cemeteries and burial grounds, of which there are a number in this area. Many of the old tombstones and markers are still in a remarkable state of preservation.

There is a lot of information available - but it does take digging!

A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF GENEALOGY AND LOCAL HISTORY FOR TREDYFFRIN & EASTTOWN

GENEALOGICAL HOW-TO BOOKS:

Doane, Gilbert H. and James C. Bell. Searching for Your Ancestors. 5th Edition. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1980. 270 p

Bremer, Ronald A. Compendium of Historical Sources: The How and Where of American Genealogy, Salt Lake City, Butterfly Publishing. Inc.,1983. 1,003 pages.

Hilton, Suzanne. Who Do You Think You Are? Digging For Your Family Roots. New York, New American Library, 1976, 194 pages.

How To Trace Your Family Tree: A Complete & Easy To Understand Guide For The Beginner. Garden City, N.Y. Dolphin Books (Doubleday &Co.), 1975, 193 pages. By the staff of the American Genealogical Research Institute.

Linder, Bill R. How To Trace Your Family History: A Basic Guide To Genealogy. New York: Everest House, 1978. 187 pages.

The Source: A Guidebook of American Genealogy. Edited by Arlene Eakle, and Johni Cerny. Salt Lake City, Ancestry Publishing Co., 1984, 786 pages.

Stryker-Rodda, Harriet. How To Climb Your Family Tree: Genealogy For Beginners. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1983. 144 pages.

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GENEALOGICAL RESEARCH AIDS IN PENNSYLVANIA

Bodnar, John E. Ethnic History in Pennsylvania: A Selected Bibliography, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1974. 74 pages.

Clint, Florence. Pennsylvania Area Key: A Comprehensive Study of the Genealogical Record Services of the State of Pennsylvania, Including Genelogical Maps and History. Denver, Colorado: Flak Survey, 1970.

Daly, John. Descriptive Inventory of the Archives of the City and County of Philadelphia. Philadelphia: City of Philadelphia. Department of Records, 1970.

Dictionary of American Biography. New York: Chas. Scribner's Sons, 1957, 10 vols., 5 supplements.

Dructor, Robert M, Guide to Genealogical Sources at the Pennsylvania State Archives. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1980, 129 pages.

Eddy, Henry Howard and Martha L. Simonetti. Guide to the Published Archives of Pennsylvania. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1976. 91 pages.

Fortna, Nancy L. P. and Frank M. Suran. Guide to County and Municipal Records on Microfilm in the Pennsylvania State Archives. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1982. 50 pages.

Hinshaw, William Wade. Encyclopedia of Quaker Genealogy. Volume III Records of the Oldest Monthly Meetings Belonging to the Phildelphia Yearly Meeting of Friends. Ann Arbor, Michigan. Edwards Brothers, 1938. 112 pages.

Hoenstine, Floyd G. Guide to Genealogical and Historical Research in Pennsylvania. Hollidaysburg, PA, 1958.

Jordan, John W., editor. Colonial and Revolutionary Families of Pennsylvania. Genealogical and Personal Memoirs. New York, Lewis Publishing Co. 1911. 17 vols.

Guide to the Manuscript Collections of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. 2nd edition. Philadelphia Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 1949.

McCay, Betty. Sources of Genealogical Searching in Pennsylvania. Indianapolis, 1968.

Morris, Jean Sansenbaugher. Use of the Published Pennsylvania Archives in Genealogical Research. Pittsburgh, Western Pennsylvania Genealogical Society, 1978.

Morris, Richard Brandon. Encyclopedia of American History. Bicentennial Edition (4th ed.). New York, Harper & Row, 1976. 1245 pages.

Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Bibliography of Pennsylvania History. Compiled by Norman B. Wilkinson, and edited by S. K. Stevens and Donald H. Kent. 2nd edition. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1957. 826 pages.

Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Bibliography of Pennsylvania history: A Supplement. Edited by Carol Wall. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1976. 252 pages.

Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Pennsylvania Historical Bibliography. Vol. I: Additions Through 1976. Compiled by John B.B, Trussell, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1979. 108 pages.

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Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Pennsylvania Historical Bibliography. Vol. II: Additions Through 1973. Compiled by John B. B. Trussell. Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1980. 87 pages.

Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Pennsylvania Historical Bibliography Vol. Ill: Additions Through 1976. Compiled by John B. B. Trussell. Pennsylvania. Historical and Museum Commission, 1980. 119 pages.

Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Pennsylvania Historical Bibliography. Vol. IV: Additions Through 1979. Compiled by John B. B. Trussell. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1983. 121 pages.

Pennsylvania Historical Survey. County Government and Archives in Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1947. 576 pages.

Pennsylvania Line. A Research Guide to Pennsylvania Genealogy and Local History. 3rd ed. Laughlintown, PA, Southwest Pennsylvania Genealogical Services, 1983. 225 pages.

Richman, Irwin, comp. Historical Manuscript Depositories in Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1965. 73 pages.

Stevens, Sylvester K. Pennsylvania: A Student's Guide to Localized History. New York: Teacher's College of Columbia University, 1965. 49 pages.

Suran, Frank M. Guide to the Record Groups in the Pennsylvania State Archives. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1980. 84 pages.

United States. National Archives and Records Service. Guide to Genealogical Research in the National Archives. Washington, DC: Published for the National Archives and Records Service by the National Archives Trust Fund Board, 1983. 304 pages.

Welcome Society of Pennsylvania. Penn's Colony: Genealogical and Historical Materials Relating to the Settlement of Pennsylvania.

Whipkey, Harry E. Guide to Manuscript Groups in the Pennsylvania State Archives. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1976.

PENNSYLVANIA HISTORY

Balch, Thomas. Letters and Papers Relating Chiefly to the Provincial History of Pennsylvania with Some Notices of the Writers .Philadelphia, Crisy & Markely, 1855. 312 pages.

Bining, Arthur Cecil. Pennsylvania Iron Manufacture in the Eighteenth Century. 2nd edition. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1979. 215 pages.

Bolles, Albert S. Pennsylvania, Province and State. Philadelphia, John Wanamaker, 1899. 582 pages.

Bronner, Edwin B. William Penn's "Holy Experiment: The Founding of Pennsylvania, 1681-1701. New York, Columbia University Press for Temple University Publications, 1962. 306 pages.

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Cochran, Thomas C. Pennsylvania: A Bicentennial History. New York, W. W. Norton & Co., 1975. 207 pages.

Dunaway, Wayland Fuller. A History of Pennsylvania. New York: Prentice-Hall Co., 1935. 823 pages.

Donehoo, George P. Pennsylvania: A History. New York, Lewis Historical Publishing Co., 1926. 5 vols.

Eshelman, Henry Frank. Historical Background and Annals of the Swiss and German Pioneer Settlers of Southeastern Pennsylvania. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1969. Reprint of 1917 edition. 386 pages.

Fletcher, Stevenson W. Pennsylvania Agriculture and County Life, 1640-1840. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1971. 605 pages.

Fletcher, Stevenson W, Pennsylvania Agriculture and County Life, 1840-1940. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1955. 619 pages.

Hull, William I. William Penn and the Dutch Quaker Migration to Pennsylvania. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1970. Reprint of 1935 edition. 445 pages.

Illick, Joseph E. Colonial Pennsylvania: A History. New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1976. 359 pages.

Kelley, Joseph J. Pennsylvania: The Colonial Years, 1681-1776. New York, Doubleday & Co., 1930. 848 pages.

Klein, Philip S., and Ari A. Hoogenboom. A History of Pennsylvania. 2nd & enlarged edition. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1930. 633 pages.

Myers, Albert Cook. Immigration of the Irish Quakers into Pennsylvania, l682-1750, with their Early History in Ireland. Baltimore, Genealogical Publishing Co., 1969. Reprint of 1902 edition. 477 pages.

Kuhns, Levi Oscar. The German & Swiss Settlements of Colonial Pennsylvania: A Study of the So-called Pennsylvania Dutch. Harrisburg, (private printing) The Aurand Press, 1945. 268 pages

Philadelphia: A 300-year History. Edited by Russell Frank Weighley, Nicholas B. Wainwright, and Edwin Wolf II. New York, W. W.Norton, 1932. 840 pages.

Stevens, Sylvester K. Pennsylvania History in Outline. Harriaburg, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1976. 58 pages.

Wallace, Paul A. W. Pennsvlvania: Seed of a Nation. New York, Harper & Row, 1962. 322 pages.

Watson, John Fanning. Annals of Pennsylvania, and Philadelphia in The Olden Times: Being a Collection of Memoirs, Anecdotes and Incedents of the City and Its Inhabitants and of the Earlier Settlements of the Inland Parts of Pennsylvania. Enlarged by Willis F. Hazard. Philadelphia, Leary & Stuart & Co., 1909. 3 vols. Originally printed 1857.

GENEALOGICAL RESEARCH IN CHESTER COUNTY

Carlson, Robert E. Chester County (Pennsylvania) Bibliography. Kennett Square, PA: KNA Press, 1981. 289 pages.

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Carlson, Robert E. Index to Chester County (Pennsylvania) Biography, West Chester: Friends of the Library of West Chester University, 1983. 180 pages.

Clint, Florence, Chester County, Pennsylvania Area Key: A Guide to the Genealogical Records of Chester County, Pennsylvania, Including Maps, Histories, Charts, and Other Helpful Materials. Denver, Colorado, 1974.

Cope, Gilbert, and Henry G. Ashmead. Genealogical and Personal Memoirs of Chester and Delaware Counties, Pennsylvania. New York, Lewis Publishing Co., 1904. 2 vols.

Futhey, J. Smith, and Gilbert Cope. History of Chester County, Pennsylvania, With Genealogical and Biographical Sketches. Evansville, Ind.: Unigraphic, Inc., 1974. Reproduction of 1881 edition. 1881 pages.

Heathcote, Charles W. History of Chester County, Pennsylvania. Harrisburg: National Historical Association, 1932.

Lemon, James T. The Best Poor Man's Country. A Geographical Study of Early Southeastern Pennsylvania. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1972. 295 pages.

Thomson, Wilmer W. Chicago and New York, Union History Co., 1893. 982 pages.

Wiley, Samuel T. Biographical and Portrait Cyclopedia of Chester County. Rev. ed. Philadelphia: Gresham Publishing Co., 1893.

LOCAL HISTORY AND GENEALOGY IN TREDYFFRIN AND EASTTOWN TOWNSHIPS

These works have proven to be valuable in the study of the history of Tredyffrin and Easttown Townships.

Browning, Charles. Welsh Settlement of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia: William J. Campbell, 1912.

Carter, Jane Levis. Edgmont; The Story of a Township. Kennett Square, PA: KNA Press, 1976. 604 pages.

Case, Robert P. Prosperity and Progrees: Concord Township, Penn Pennsylvania, 1683-1983. Vol. I: The Colonial Legacy. Concordville, PA: Concord Township Historical Society, 1983.339 pages.

Cummin, Katherine Hewitt. A Rare and Pleasing Thing: Radnor, Demography (1798) and Development. Philadelphia: Owlswick Press, 1977. 463 pages.

Farrow, Barbara Alyce. The History of Bryn Mawr, 1683-1900. Bryn Mawr: Bryn Mawr Civic Association, 1962. 97 pages.

Glenn, Thomas Allen. Merion in the Welsh Tract. Norristown, Herald Press, 1896. 394 pages.

Highley, George N. History of Malvern, Chester County, Pennsylvania. Downingtown, PA, Chester Valley Press, Inc., 1964.

Historic Newtown Township (Newtown Square, Delaware County, Pa.) 1683-1983. Newtown Square, Pa.: Township of Newtown Tricentennial Committee, 1984. 404 pages.

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Wilson, J. Gilmore. A Brief History of East Whiteland Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. 1765 -- February 26 --1965. Frazer, PA: Frazer Press, 1965.

Wolf, Martha Leigh, and Diane S. Snyder. A History of West Whitel and Township. Exton West Whiteland Township Historical Commission, 1982. 88 pages.

Woodman, Henry. History of Valley Forge. Oaks, PA: John U. Francis, Jr., 1922. l70 pages.

These genealogies are some of the printed works for families which lived in Tredyffrin or Easttown Townships or had members who did so.

Bartholomew, George Wills, Jr. Record of the Bartholomew Family,Genealogical and Biographical. Austin, Texas. 1885.

Beaver, Rev. Irvin M. History and Genealogy of the Bieber, Beaver, Biever, Beeber Family. Reading, PA: by the Author, 1939.

Bull, James H. Records of the Descendents of John and Elizabeth Bull, Early Settlers of Pennsylvania. San Francisco: Shannon-Conmy, 1919.

Cadmus, Bell Shank. Davis-Cadmus Genealogy, n.p.: mimeographed, 1932.

Cloyd, A. D. Genealogy of the Cloyd, Basye, and Tapp Families. Columbus, Ohio: Champlin Press, 1912.

Frick, Paul Sumner. A History of the Frick Family. (Descendents of Jacob Frick, Swiss Immigrants On September 18, 1733). n.p.i By the Author, mimeographed, 1970.

The Collateral Ancestry of Stephen Harris, Born September 4, 1798; and of Marianne Smith, Born April 2, 1805. Philadelphia: George F. Lasher, 1908.

Philips, George Ogden, comp. Philips Family Record, 1973. A Record of the Descent of Joseph Philips, Born in Wales 1716, Died Uwchlan Township, Chester County, Pa., 1792; and Mary Philips, 1710-1792. Lansdowne, PA. By the author, 1978.

Potts, Thomas Maxwell. Our Family Ancestors. (Potts) Canonsburg, PA: By the author, I895.

Potts, Thomas Maxwell. Historical Collections Relating to the Potts Family in Great Britain and America. Canonsburg, PA: By the author, 1901.

Streets, Priscilla Walker. Lewis Walker of Chester Valley and his Descendents, 1686-1896. Philadelphia, Alfred J. Ferris, 1896. 443 pages.